ACM Conversational User Interfaces 2026 (CUI '26) · ACM

Conversational User Interfaces in Healthcare: A Scoping Review of ACM CUI Conference Contributions

Nidhi Kothari, Andreia Valente, Mark Billinghurst
Conceptual overview of the review framework, with puzzle pieces illustrating how healthcare context, target users, modality, system role, authority, and evaluation combine into complete healthcare CUI configurations

Abstract

Conversational user interfaces (CUIs) are increasingly explored in healthcare, yet their roles, agency, and evaluation practices remain fragmented. This scoping review analyses 22 healthcare-related full papers from the ACM Conference on Conversational User Interfaces (2019–2025) across four pillars: healthcare context, CUI design and interaction, agency, and evaluation. Findings show that healthcare CUIs cluster in prevention and behaviour change, rely on structured conversational strategies, and operate with constrained authority, with no system exercising directive control. Evaluation remains predominantly short-term and usability-focused, with limited attention to clinical or longitudinal outcomes. We outline gaps and directions for designing and assessing healthcare CUIs with greater attention to agency and context.

Citation

APA

Kothari, N., Valente, A., & Billinghurst, M. (2026). Conversational user interfaces in healthcare: A scoping review of ACM CUI conference contributions. In ACM Conversational User Interfaces 2026 (CUI '26). Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3816046.3816289

BibTeX

@inproceedings{kothari2026conversational,
  author    = {Kothari, Nidhi and Valente, Andreia and Billinghurst, Mark},
  title     = {Conversational User Interfaces in Healthcare: A Scoping Review of ACM CUI Conference Contributions},
  year      = {2026},
  month     = {jul},
  booktitle = {ACM Conversational User Interfaces 2026 (CUI '26)},
  address   = {Bremen, Germany},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  doi       = {10.1145/3816046.3816289},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3816046.3816289},
  isbn      = {979-8-4007-2741-2},
  keywords  = {conversational user interfaces, healthcare, scoping review, agency, system authority, digital health}
}
Conversational User InterfacesHealthcareScoping ReviewAgencySystem AuthorityDigital HealthBehaviour ChangeMental Health